Capitalism

    There are two types of socioeconomic systems: capitalism and socialism. Capitalism means free-market competition, private or corporate ownership of production and distribution, and personal responsibility. Capitalism produces innovation and variety in the marketplace with high-quality goods and services at reasonable prices.

     Socialism means that a few people, those with political and economic power, are in control of production and distribution. Socialism results in stagnation, limited goods and services, low quality, fixed prices, and dependence on the government.

     The establishment of capitalism was a time of upheaval and bitter struggles between new and old power-brokers. At the same time, the mass of the population were dragged unwillingly into an increasingly violent conditioning process. The new capitalists needed to be able to exert ever more pressure on their producers to produce more for less, so that the capitalists could maintain trading prices and increase profits. They looked to the state to ensure pressure was brought to bear on workers who, for the first time, were being forced to sell their labor in an increasingly competitive work environment, which was itself aggravated by the swollen ranks of the new landless and unemployed.

     A look at the history of the economic and social conditions that pre-dates the industrial revolution shows that capitalism arose from the systematic breakdown of feudalism as a social and economic system and the imposition of a wage labor system in its place. Capitalism soon spread to Europe, and to the rest of the world.

     The coming of capitalism has also brought with it the potential for workers to organize for change. Though capitalism brought with it untold misery, ordinary people were far from passive victims in the face of exploitation. Instead, they sought to resist capitalism, giving birth to the idea of an alternative world, free from exploitation and misery.

     Capitalism helps the economy to grow, rewards people on their successes, and incentivizes individuals to work hard. The free market competition allows only superior produce to exist in the market and for this, everybody has to work hard for survival which ultimately leads to better performance. On the other hand in socialism you get.

John Adams has been always remembered not only as the second president of America but also as a great philosopher. One of his quotes about Democracy states that democracy never lasts long. Adams claims that democracy soon wasters, exhausts and murder itself. He largely believes that there was never a democracy that did not commit coincide. Adams was very smart politician and his experience and knowledge about other countries caused these words. He knew about other countries which had tried this system of democracy and most of the time it failed. Many countries had turned to other government systems.

     John Adams says that democracy is more bloody than either aristocracy or monarchy. And I agree with this idea. Democracy isn’t given just for free. People needed to fight for it and as every fight it took thousands of lives.

      Democracy is a great system of government and I think that no matter what it is better that monarchy, when only one person governs the country and other people don’t have right to make decisions. But democracy makes everything harder, because different people have different views about specific issues, which sometimes can cause arguments.

     US is one of the countries that has democracy system for many years, but personally I think that it’s not the real democracy.    A real democracy is a direct and participatory democracy, in which all citizens have the possibility and the right to participate in the decisions that affect their lives and their communities.

     Today, democracy is equated with representative government based on free elections of political elites that rule on the citizens’ behalf. In old democracies of Europe the streets were full of people protesting against brutal policies that were forced to them. In real democracy the all power is given to citizens. In US and in many “Democratic” countries decisions are made by a few leaders. But, according to real democracy political decisions should be made by all citizens living in that country. Government took control of everything. All that people do is to vote and elect representatives, and representatives not always make decisions that people wanted to.

 John Adams had a great political experience that’s how he foresaw the future of America. His words were real and the same tells us the world history. The same thing has happened to other democratic countries.

I would say that United States is so lucky to still have this system, but it still doesn't work how it supposes to work.

 The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand ignited World War I. However, it wasn’t the main reason of World War I. There were other causes such as imperialism, militarism, nationalism, and a tangled system of alliances. Two kinds of nationalism contributed to World War I. The first was the tendency for country such as the great power to act in their own national interest. The second kind of nationalism occurred in countries with diverse ethnic populations those in central and eastern Europe.

Militarism involved aggressively building up a nation’s armed forces in preparation for war and giving the military more authority over the government and foreign policy. The great powers of Europe spent large sums of money on new weapons and warship for expending their armed forces. Their planning for war made war much more likely.

A system of alliances developed among the nations of Europe during the late nineteenth century. Germany and Austria-Hungary were linked by treaty, as were Russia and France. Great Britain and France shared a looser alliance called Entente. One week after the war started, all the great power of Europe had been drawn into it. The conflict divided them into two sides. Germany and Austria made up the Central Powers. Russia, France, Serbia, and Great Britain were called the Allies.

     The American government protested  the actions of both sides and tried to act as peacemaker.  American business leaders welcomed the proclamation of neutrality, but those who had strong commercial ties with Great Britain urged that United States get ready for war. They wanted their country to help Great Britain if necessary.  So United States had no other choice than to be prepared to go to war.

The Constitution immediately establishes a bicameral legislature- that is, one made up of two houses. It had historical, practical, and theoretical reasons. One of the historical reasons was the fact the British Parliament had consisted of two houses since the 1300s and the Farmers knew the British system of bicameralism quite well. The other reason is practical. Bicameralism is a reflection of federalism. Each of the States is equally represented in Senate. The third reason of bicameral legislature was theoretical. The farmers favored a bicameral Congress in order that one house might act as a check on the other. In my opinion the bicameral legislature was very important. It was a way to diffuse the power of Congress and so prevent it from overwhelming the other two branches of government. It also has a huge impact on politics today.